Inganda Zipakira Inganda Ziregereje, Inyungu Zinganda Ziteganijwe Gukomeza Kugarura

Inganda zipakira ibyuma zagiye ziyongera mubushobozi mumyaka mike ishize kandi inyungu zigabanuka. Kugeza ubu, ubushake bw’inganda bwo kwagura umusaruro bwaragabanutse cyane. Hamwe n’iyubakwa ry’ubushobozi bw’inganda, guteza imbere kwishyira hamwe no guhuriza hamwe no kugura amasosiyete akomeye yo mu gihugu imbere, hamwe n’igabanuka ry’ibiciro fatizo, inyungu y’inganda zipakira ibyuma biteganijwe ko izakomeza kwiyongera.

Mu gice cya mbere cya 2024, nubwo ubwiyongere bw’amafaranga bwari bubi bitewe n’ubushake buke bw’umuguzi, inyungu zateye imbere bitewe n’igabanuka ry’ibiciro fatizo no kuzamura imiterere y’ubushobozi. Kurugero, inyungu rusange ya Auerijin mugice cya mbere cya 2024 yari 17.82%, yazamutseho 1,88 ku ijana umwaka ushize, cyane cyane bitewe nigabanuka ryibikoresho fatizo. Ikigereranyo cy'igiciro cya tinplate mu gice cya mbere cya 2024 cyari 6.546 yu / toni, cyamanutseho amanota 4.7 ku ijana umwaka ushize. Ibiciro bya Aluminiyumu na byo byagabanutse kuva ku gipimo cya 24.240 Yuan / toni mu 2021 kigera kuri 19.695 yu

Mu 2023, inganda ziri hejuru y’ubunini bwagenwe mu nganda zipakira ibyuma mu Bushinwa zizagera ku nyungu zingana na miliyari 150.562 ziva mu bucuruzi bwabo bukuru, zikaba zigera kuri 13% by’umusaruro rusange w’inganda zipakira, zikiri inyuma cyane ku rwego rwa 45% -50%. Ibinyobwa bibiri - n'ibice bitatu byibinyobwa byabaruwe murwego rwo hejuru. Kugeza ubu, gutanga no gukenera amabati atatu aringaniye. Mu 2022, umusaruro w’ibice bitatu by’Ubushinwa ushobora gukora inganda zizaba hafi miliyari 31.05 , naho izakenera hafi miliyari 30.53. Bitewe nubufatanye buhamye hagati yamasosiyete akomeye y’ibinyobwa n’abatanga ibicuruzwa, uburyo bwa mbere bwo gupakira ibyuma burahagaze neza. Mugihe cyinyuma yimiterere yabakiriya ihamye hamwe ninganda zinganda, impuzandengo ya ex-uruganda igiciro cyibice bitatu bishobora gukora imishinga yerekanye inzira ihamye kandi izamuka mumyaka yashize.

Urebye inganda zipakira muri Amerika, iterambere ryihuta kandi inyungu ziyongera nyuma yo kwibumbira hamwe. Nk’uko Huafu Securities ibivuga, mu cyiciro cya mbere cyo kwishyira hamwe (1990-2000), Crown yaguze ibicuruzwa byinshi byo gupakira ibyuma, intego zo gupakira plastike; Mu cyiciro cya kabiri cyo kwishyira hamwe (2000-2016), Boer yatangiye kwihutisha umuvuduko wo guhuriza hamwe no kugura, cyane cyane yibanda kumasosiyete ya aluminiyumu . Ubwiyongere bwa Boer buri mwaka bwageze kuri 6.4 ku ijana kuva 2016 kugeza 2023, buva kuri 4 ku ijana mbere, naho Crown 5.5 ku ijana kuva 2016 kugeza 2023 yariyongereye kuva 2% mbere. Byongeye kandi, kungukirwa no guhuriza hamwe inganda, ikigo cya Crown cyunguka inyungu cyiyongereye kiva kuri 8% kigera kuri 10% mugice cya mbere cyo guhuriza hamwe, naho ikigo cya Boer muri rusange cyunguka kiva kuri 6% kigera kuri 9% mugice cya kabiri cyo guhuriza hamwe.

By'umwihariko, fata Boer nk'urugero, inyungu yinyungu rusange hamwe ninyungu yinyungu hagati ni 20% na 5% mumyaka yashize. Muri 2023, Bohr yapakiye ibinyobwa byinjiza bizaba miliyari 11.32 z'amadolari y'Amerika, hamwe n’inyungu rusange hamwe na 19.0% na 5.1%, naho ROE ya 19%. Mugihe URUHARE rwabayobozi bapakira ibyuma murugo ruri hagati ya 6% -11%, hari icyumba kinini cyo kunoza ugereranije na Bohr.

Huafu Securities yerekanye ko nyuma y’icyiciro cya mbere cyo kwishyira hamwe kw’imbere mu gihugu kuva mu 2016 kugeza 2019, bombi bashobora gukora inganda buhoro buhoro bapakira ibicuruzwa bya Baosteel, Auruijin, ibikoresho bya COfCO, uburyo butatu bwo guhatanira amarushanwa, ariko ikinyuranyo cy’imigabane hagati yacyo ni gito, niba kugura imigabane ya COfCO amaherezo bigwa, uburyo bw’inganda buzarushaho gusobanuka, kuzamura iterambere ry’ijwi, bizafasha kuzamuka mu nyungu. Mu 2023, inyungu y’imikorere y’amasosiyete akomeye yo gupakira ibyuma by’Ubushinwa azaba hagati ya 4% na 7%, ibyo bikaba bisa n’inyungu rusange y’inyungu rusange y’amasosiyete yo mu mahanga mbere yo kwishyira hamwe, mu gihe nyuma y’icyiciro cya mbere cyo kwishyira hamwe, inyungu y’imikorere y’ubucuruzi bwo gupakira ibyuma by’amasosiyete yo mu mahanga mu 2004 izaba hagati ya 9% na 12%, nyuma y’icyiciro cya kabiri cyo kwishyira hamwe, mu myaka 20% y’inganda zingana na 20%.